0.00
inquantio
3 files · 5.6 MB · jpeg, pdfdeclared
hybrid · semantic + lexical · 475 datasets ranked · 0.87s
inquantio
3 files · 5.6 MB · jpeg, pdfdeclared
An electronic-level mechanism showing that when the photosynthetic water-oxidizing complex (WOC) turns two water molecules into oxygen, it clears the trickiest step, the first one-electron oxidation, by means of two spin crossovers Rather than a free oxygen radical, the complex forms an [O5O6]3- ion stabilized antiferromagnetically by its manganese (Mn) ions, allowing O-O bond formation to be driven even with photosystem II's limited oxidizing power (about 1 V) The work resolves a long-standing mismatch between XFEL crystallographic models and EPR spectroscopic data with a model of dynamic equilibrium between an S=3 form and an S=6 form, putting it on firm footing [Quantum Biology Society] Every oxygen molecule we breathe is produced when two water molecules are split inside the photosystem II protein complex of higher plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. The catalyst that drives this reaction is a manganese-calcium cluster that evolved some 3 billion years ago, known as the water-oxidizing complex (WOC). The trouble is that oxidizing water to oxygen is chemically very demanding. Four protons and four electrons must be stripped from two water molecules and an oxygen-oxygen (O-O) bond formed, and the very first one-electron oxidation, which generates an oxygen radical, is known to require a reduction potential of at least 2 V. Yet all the oxidizing power photosystem II can muster at this step is the roughly 1 V supplied by a nearby tyrosyl radical. So how does nature bridge this enormous energy gap? Felix Rummel and Patrick J. O'Malley of the Department of Chemistry at the University of Manchester report a computational-chemistry answer to this question in the American Chemical Society journal The Journal of Physical Chemistry B. Combining broken symmetry density functional theory (broken symmetry DFT) calculations with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis, the researchers took a close look at the electronic structure of the S3 state, the stage just before oxygen is released, and traced the electronic pathway along which the O-O bond forms. They found a mechanism in which two spin crossovers, arising from the interplay of the WOC's distinctive geometry and magnetism, open a unique low-energy route to O-O bond formation. ■ The Water-Splitting Clock and the Highest Energy Threshold Water splitting in photosynthesis does not happen all at once. Each time it absorbs light, photosystem II accumulates one oxidizing equivalent, cycling through five states from S0 to S4 in what is called the Kok cycle; only when all four oxidizing equivalents have been gathered does it release one oxygen molecule from two water molecules. The S3 state this study focuses on is the stage immediately before that release, the penultimate step. The fundamental reason water oxidation is so hard lies in removing the first electron. Of the full four-step process of pulling electrons off one at a time, the step that strips the first electron to form an oxyl radical poses the highest energy barrier: its reduction potential is estimated to exceed 2 V, whereas the oxidizing power available to photosystem II is only the roughly 1 V mentioned above. Where artificial water-oxidation catalysts typically enlist powerful oxidants to manufacture extremely reactive oxygen species, nature carries out the same reaction smoothly with far weaker oxidizing power. Uncovering that mystery at the electronic level is the heart of this work. ■ Not a Free Radical, but a Controlled Ion Held by the Protein The crux of the answer the researchers propose is that nature does not leave the product of that first one-electron oxidation as a free oxygen radical with runaway reactivity. Instead, it captures the species as an ion complex of the form [O5O6]3-, stably lowering the system's energy. Here O5 and O6 denote the two oxygen atoms derived from water (O6 is the oxygen newly detected by XFEL after the second flash), and a two-center one-electron bond, a bond held together by just a single electron, begins to form between them. One can picture it as a peculiar state in which the two oxygen atoms are only just catching each other's edges, before they have bonded fully. What allows this transitional bond to hold rather than collapse is the magnetism inside the cluster. The spin of the unpaired electron on [O5O6]3- is stabilized through antiferromagnetic coupling, in which it pairs in the opposite direction to the spins of the neighboring manganese (Mn) ions, much as alternating the north and south poles of magnets locks a structure firmly in place. The paper notes that although this species was previously called an "O5 oxo-O6 oxyl" form, describing it as [O5O6]³⁻ is physically more accurate, given that negative spin density is present on both O5 and O6. ■ The Low-Energy Detour Engineered by Two Spin Crossovers The researchers simulated how the electronic structure changes as they gradually shortened the distance between the two oxygen atoms (O5-O6). Over the full path, they found that the system's total spin state switches twice, a phenomenon known as a spin crossover. A spin crossover is a rearrangement of the electron spins across the whole system that changes its total spin value; it can be likened to turning your body to slip through a narrow doorway with the least resistance, because when the spin flips at just the right moment it sharply lowers the intrinsic energy threshold. According to the calculations, when the O5-O6 distance is in the range of 2.5 to 2.1 Å, the most stable structure is an oxo-hydroxo form (S=3) in which O6 carries a hydrogen atom. But the moment the distance reaches 2.1 Å, the first spin crossover occurs and the system passes into an S=6 form, which remains lowest in energy down to about 1.65 Å, where a second spin crossover leads finally to a peroxo structure. The agents that drive these two crossovers are specific manganese ions within the cluster (Mn1 and Mn4), which, by flipping their own spins at the right moments, help the O-O bond form along a low energy barrier. In short, the WOC's precise geometry and magnetism mesh like gears to open a low-energy detour that lets oxygen bonding begin without any powerful oxidant. ■ A Precise Fit Between the Computational Model and the Experimental Data This computational model carries real weight because it fits neatly with several independent lines of experimental data. First, the key bond distances of the lowest-energy structure (S=6) obtained from the calculations agree closely with the latest X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) crystallography data. The O5-O6 distances reported for the S3 state across various XFEL studies fall in the range of 1.5 to 2.1 Å, which experimentally rules out a classical nonbonded oxo-hydroxo form (which would require a separation of at least about 2.5 Å). Second, the model cleanly resolves a long-standing contradiction between structural crystallography and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The signal seen by EPR had pointed to a stable S=3 form, while the XFEL structure showed a form in which bonding had already begun, leaving a puzzle for the field. The researchers concluded that the two forms, the S=3 oxo-hydroxo and the S=6 [O5O6]3-, sit in a dynamic equilibrium set by the protonation state of O6. The S=6 form in particular gives a comparatively weak EPR signal that is easily hidden beneath the S=3 signal, and the team showed that simulating with an S=6 component of about 70% best matches the actual experimental EPR spectrum. The change in manganese oxidation observed by X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES), about 30% during the S2-to-S3 transition, likewise agrees with what the equilibrium model predicts. Further, the fact that the most recent XFEL structures place O6 very close to a neighboring amino acid (Glu189) suggests that this dynamic equilibrium is finely maintained through proton sharing between the two atoms. ■ Significance and Outlook: Imitating Nature's Design Principles The greatest significance of this work is that it demonstrates, clearly and at the electronic level, that nature's water-splitting catalyst is designed not to force the reaction with brute oxidizing power but to lower the energy barrier by using its distinctive magnetism to hold a hard-to-control intermediate steady. The two spin crossovers and the antiferromagnetic stabilization that unfold inside the protein are seen as an innovative set of bio-inspired design principles that could serve as a compass for building next-generation artificial-photosynthesis systems and high-efficiency water-splitting catalysts. That said, a few scientific caveats should be kept in mind when interpreting these results. First, this paper is not a new experimental discovery but a reinterpretation and modeling of existing experimental data through broken symmetry DFT calculations. Its strong agreement with a range of experimental data is a powerful argument, yet it still carries the inherent limitations of a single computational model. Second, several competing hypotheses coexist in the field for the mechanism of water oxidation, such as water nucleophilic attack and oxyl-oxo coupling, and this paper refines one model in the "dynamic equilibrium and low-barrier O-O bond" family by a step. Finally, the downstream route after the S3 stage, running from peroxo through superoxo to the release of triplet O2, is a region extrapolated from the S3 calculations and so should be regarded as a relatively tentative proposal. #QuantumBiology #Photosynthesis #PhotosystemII #WaterOxidizingComplex #OxygenEvolvingComplex #OEC #SpinCrossover #AntiferromagneticCoupling #WaterSplitting #ArtificialPhotosynthesis https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9589598/
Madhusudan, Gujral
6 files · 29 MB · parquetdeclared
Large language models (LLMs) are trained on massive, publicly available text datasets comprising trillions of tokens, enabling them to excel at general language tasks like next-token prediction. However, LLMs often struggle with domain-specific prompts, exhibiting reduced accuracy or generating inaccurate information (hallucinations). This is because they lack sufficient subject matter expertise. Two primary approaches exist to address this limitation for augmenting LLMs knowledge: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) and fine-tuning. This presentation focuses on fine-tuning smaller LLMs with domain-specific instruct datasets using the LoRA (Low-Rank Adaptation) technique on Gaudi hardware. We will leverage publicly available LLMs and datasets from the Hugging Face Hub for this demonstration. Though it is possible to fine tune LLMs with plain text data - sourced from documents, articles, and other materials.
Krajnc, Matej · Comi, Troy · Miao, Siqi · et al.
10 files · 25 GB · csv, zipdeclared
This dataset accompanies the manuscript "A Controlled in Silico Benchmark for GNN Prediction of Tissue Dynamics." It contains model prediction outputs, trained checkpoints, train/validation/test splits, spring-embedding outputs, generated analysis figures, analysis tables, and manuscript-specific diagnostic outputs used to reproduce the post-prediction analyses and figures. The dataset is distributed as logical ZIP archives with file-level and archive-level SHA-256 checksums. For questions, contact Tomer Stern at tomers@umich.edu.
MENEGUZZO, FRANCESCO · Zabini, Federica
4 files · 146 KB · csvdeclared
This record contains the de-identified, analysis-ready dataset and Python analysis code associated with a school-based quasi-experimental pilot study on therapist-guided forest therapy and persistent anxiety symptoms in adolescents. The study involved two fourth-year high-school classrooms in Cecina, Tuscany, Italy: one intervention classroom that attended four therapist-guided forest therapy sessions in a coastal pine forest, and one control classroom that followed usual school activities. The dataset includes anonymized student codes, classroom allocation, SCAS total raw scores and derived reduction scores across repeated assessments, POMS-A acute mood-state variables for the intervention classroom, exploratory post-intervention nature-exposure and connectedness variables, and exploratory school-performance variables. The repository includes four files: 1. forest_therapy_adolescent_anxiety_dataset.csv: de-identified analysis-ready dataset. 2. README_forest_therapy_adolescent_anxiety_dataset.txt: dataset metadata and variable descriptions. 3. analyze_forest_therapy_adolescent_anxiety.py: Python script used to reproduce the main analyses and generate analysis outputs. 4. README_analyze_forest_therapy_adolescent_anxiety.txt: operational guide for running the analysis script and interpreting the output files. The dataset uses semicolon-separated values. Missing values are encoded as NaN and must not be interpreted as zero. Because the study involved minors, item-level questionnaire responses and more granular school records are not shared; only de-identified and analysis-ready variables compatible with privacy, ethical approval, and consent constraints are provided.
Daugavietis, Jānis
6 files · 3.3 GB · jpeg, rardeclared
Skala Bünte, Süki Vagonu Hallē [2026.07.08.] Koncerta beigu telefona foto/ video. SKALA BÜNTE X SÜKI FACE2FACE https://fb.me/e/7dycfN2gI Details Event by John Dow Vagonu Hall Public · Anyone on or off Facebook 8TH OF JULY VAGONU HALLE TWO BANDS TWO BACKLINES MOSHPIT IN THE MIDDLE ONCE IN A LIFETIME FACE2FACE MASSACRE PROVIDED BY SKALA BÜNTE & SÜKI 🔪🔪🔪 DOORS 19:00 7€
Блінцов, Володимир · Алоба, Лео Тосин · Надточий, Анатолій · et al.
2 files · 4.5 MB · jpeg, pdfdeclared
У монографії викладено загальні відомості про автономні ненаселені підводні апарати, які призначені для групового застосування при виконанні спільних підводних місій пошукового та природоохоронного спрямування. Наведено відомості про способи організації керування групою апаратів та методи дослідження їх систем автоматичного керування. Розглянуті задачі автоматизації керування безекіпажним надводним судном як носієм групи автономних ненаселених підводних апаратів. Для наукових співробітників, спеціалістів, аспірантів та студентів вищих навчальних закладів, які досліджують, проектують та вивчають засоби підводної робототехніки.
Soltes, Julian
3 files · 12 MB · csv, pdfdeclared
This paper presents a non-parametric topography of the cosmological landscape, following the principle of maximum entropy to map the relative probability of all isotropic spacetime configurations. The topography is defined as an 11-D probability distribution, derived from a maximally unbiased ensemble of solutions to the Einstein Field Equations (EFE). Uncertainty prevents infinite precision, blurring the ensemble to quantify the relative likelihood of any physical microstate. The result provides a statistical foundation for the manifestation of our universe and its contents, described by probabilities and their respective gradients. This assumes unconstrained numerical coverage of the EFE landscape, mapping mathematically valid solutions that may violate parametric energy conditions. Uncertainty distorts the boundaries between these exotic states and the canonical phase, rationalizing their existence within our universe as quantifiable improbabilities. Resources: The computational implementation and main data ensemble are attached here, as well as maintained at: https://github.com/jgsoltes/Universe-KDE Researchers are encouraged to apply the QUASAR optimizer to their own high-dimensional or non-convex function landscapes. Source code and documentation are maintained at: https://github.com/jgsoltes/hdim-opt
Блінцов, Володимир · Сірівчук, Андрій · Надточий, Анатолій · et al.
2 files · 5.2 MB · jpeg, pdfdeclared
У монографії викладено загальні відомості про автономні ненаселені підводні апарати, які мають у своєму складі буксирувані радіобуї для оперативного зв'язку з береговим центром керування. Наведено відомості про математичне моделювання системи «автономний ненаселений підводний апарат - кабель-буксир - радіобуй» та описано результати синтезу їх систем автоматичного керування. Для наукових співробітників, спеціалістів, аспірантів та студентів вищих навчальних закладів, які досліджують, проектують та вивчають засоби підводної робототехніки.
Hackl, Jürgen
6 files · 132 MB · parquet, tiffdeclared
EuroFlood is an open, cloud-native index over the JRC/Copernicus CEMS-EFAS Satellite-Derived Flood Depth Maps for Europe (Betterle & Salamon, 2025; CC-BY-4.0) - ~3,280 satellite-derived observed flood-depth maps across Europe, 2015-2024. The bundle is a sparse Cloud-Optimized GeoTIFF encoding, per pixel, the set of flood events that inundated it, plus a combo_id -sorted GeoParquet dictionary and a small events table. Query by region and time via HTTP range reads (GDAL /vsicurl + DuckDB) to retrieve matching events, then fetch only the source depth rasters needed. Built with the open-source EuroFlood Python package ( pip install euroflood ).
Fobbe, Sean
16 files · 1.4 GB · csv, pdf, zipdeclared
Überblick Das Corpus des deutschen Bundesrechts (C-DBR) ist eine möglichst vollständige Sammlung der konsolidierten Fassungen aller Gesetze und Verordnungen auf Bundesebene. Der Datensatz nutzt als seine Datenquelle das amtliche Internetangebot www.gesetze-im-internet.de des Bundesministeriums der Justiz und wertet dieses vollständig aus. Bitte lesen Sie zuerst das beiliegende Codebook! Es enthält wichtige Informationen zur korrekten Nutzung des Datensatzes. Es hilft auch bei der Entscheidung, welche Variante für Sie am besten geeignet ist. In der Regel empfehle ich für quantitative Forschung die CSV-Dateien und für traditionelle Forschung die PDF-Sammlung. Um das Gesetzgebungsverfahren näher zu beleuchten können Sie zusätzlich auf folgende Datensätze zurückgreifen (jeweils mit Links auf vergleichbare Datensätze anderer Autor:innen): Corpus der Drucksachen des Deutschen Bundestages (CDRS-BT) Corpus der Plenarprotokolle des Deutschen Bundestages (CPP-BT) Aktualisierung Dieser Datensatz wird ca. alle 3 Monate aktualisiert. Benachrichtigungen über neue und aktualisierte Datensätze veröffentliche ich immer zeitnah auf Mastodon unter @seanfobbe@fediscience.org NEU in Version 2026-07-09 Vollständige Aktualisierung der Daten Ausführung der Pipeline in Userland im Container Neues Skript für Zenodo Upload Eckdaten Stichtag: 9. Juli 2026 Umfang: 6.124 Bundesgesetze und -verordnungen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland Formate: CSV, PDF, EPUB, TXT und XML Features Einfache Nutzung für statistische Analysen mit CSV-Dateien Bis zu 42 Variablen in den CSV-Varianten Fortlaufende Aktualisierung Urheberrechtsfreiheit Sowohl für traditionelle Rechtsanwender als auch für Legal Tech-Anwendungen geeignete Formate (CSV, PDF, EPUB, TXT und XML) Umfangreicher Compilation Report um den Erstellungs-Prozess zu erläutern Hochauflösende Diagramme und deskriptive Tabellen für alle Zwecke Diagramme in PDF (Druck) und PNG (Web) verfügbar, Tabellen als menschen- und maschinenlesbares CSV Vollständiges tabellarisches Verzeichnis aller Rechtsakte und der vom BMJV gebrauchten Abkürzungen Netzwerk-Strukturen für alle Rechtsakte und Visualisierungen für über 1000 Rechtsakte (experimentell) Veröffentlichung des Source Codes Source Code und Compilation Report Der gesamte Erstellungs-Prozess ist vollautomatisiert und detailliert dokumentiert. Mit jeder Kompilierung des vollständigen Datensatzes wird auch ein umfangreicher Compilation Report in einem attraktiv designten PDF-Format erstellt (ähnlich dem Codebook). Zudem werden Robustness Checks auf Vollständigkeit und Plausibilität durchgeführt und in einem separaten Bericht dokumentiert. Der Compilation Report enthält den Code für die vollständige Pipeline, dokumentiert relevante Rechenergebnisse, gibt sekundengenaue Zeitstempel an und ist mit einem klickbaren Inhaltsverzeichnis versehen. Er ist zusammen mit dem Source Code hinterlegt. Wenn Sie sich für Details des Erstellungs-Prozesses interessieren, lesen Sie diesen bitte zuerst. Der vollständige Source Code - sowohl für die Erstellung des Datensatzes, als auch für das Codebook - ist öffentlich einsehbar und dauerhaft erreichbar im wissenschaftlichen Archiv des CERN unter diesem Link hinterlegt: https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.4072934 Kryptographische Signaturen Die Integrität und Echtheit der einzelnen Archive des Datensatzes sind durch eine Zwei-Phasen-Signatur sichergestellt. In Phase I werden während der Kompilierung für jedes ZIP-Archiv, das Codebook und die Robustness Checks Hash-Werte in zwei verschiedenen Verfahren (SHA2-256 und SHA3-512) berechnet und in einer CSV-Datei dokumentiert. In Phase II werden diese CSV-Datei und der Compilation Report mit meinem persönlichen geheimen GPG-Schlüssel signiert. Dieses Verfahren stellt sicher, dass die Kompilierung von jedermann durchgeführt werden kann, insbesondere im Rahmen von Replikationen, die persönliche Gewähr für Ergebnisse aber dennoch vorhanden ist. Die während der Kompilierung des Datensatzes erstellte CSV-Datei mit den Hash-Prüfsummen ist mit meiner persönlichen GPG-Signatur versehen. Der mit dieser Version korrespondierende Public Key ist sowohl mit dem Datensatz als auch mit dem Source Code hinterlegt. Er hat folgende Kenndaten: Name: Sean Fobbe (fobbe-data@posteo.de) Fingerabdruck: FE6F B888 F0E5 656C 1D25 3B9A 50C4 1384 F44A 4E42 Kein Urheberrecht: Public Domain An den Normtexten und Metadaten besteht gem. § 5 Abs. 1 UrhG kein Urheberrecht, da sie amtliche Werke sind. § 5 UrhG ist auf amtliche Datenbanken analog anzuwenden (BGH, Beschluss vom 28.09.2006 - I ZR 261/03, "Sächsischer Ausschreibungsdienst"). Alle eigenen Beiträge (z.B. durch Zusammenstellung und Anpassung der Metadaten) und damit den gesamten Datensatz stelle ich gemäß einer CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain License vollständig urheberrechtsfrei. Disclaimer Dieser Datensatz ist eine private wissenschaftliche Initiative und steht in keiner Verbindung zu Behörden, Gerichten oder anderen öffentlichen Stellen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Alternativen [Ab 10.06.2019, nur XML] Beckedorf, Janis/Coupette, Corinna/Hartung, Dirk. 2020. "gesetze-im-internet: A daily archive of https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de". GitHub. https://github.com/QuantLaw/gesetze-im-internet [Änderungsgesetze] Wehrmeyer, Stefan/Semsrott, Arne/Filter, Johannes. 2021. "OffeneGesetze.de ist eine zivilgesellschaftliche, ehrenamtliche Plattform für amtliche Gesetzesblätter". Open Knowledge Foundation. https://offenegesetze.de/ [Alte Rechtsakte] Open Knowledge Foundation. 2013. "Bundesgit". GitHub. https://github.com/bundestag/gesetze Weitere Open Access Veröffentlichungen (Fobbe) Website - www.seanfobbe.de Open Data - zenodo.org/communities/sean-fobbe-data/ Source Code - zenodo.org/communities/sean-fobbe-code/ Volltexte regulärer Publikationen - zenodo.org/communities/sean-fobbe-publications/ Kontakt Fehler gefunden? Anregungen? Kommentieren Sie gerne im Issue Tracker oder kontaktieren Sie mich über www.seanfobbe.de
Vera, Lourdes
31 files · 4.6 MB · csv, geojson, pngdeclared
Data, analysis scripts, and derived outputs reproducing the setback analysis between occupied buildings and active oil and gas wells in Karnes County, Texas, using public data (Texas Railroad Commission well locations; FEMA/ORNL USA Structures building footprints; and U.S. Census TIGER/Line block groups and 2020-2024 American Community Survey). The pipeline runs offline in Python (geopandas) and reproduces every reported distance, summary statistic, table, and figure in the associated article. This package reproduces and updates Chapter 3 of the author's doctoral dissertation: Vera, Lourdes (2022), "Environmental Data Justice in Action: Civically Valid Air Monitoring Near Oil and Gas Extraction in the Eagle Ford Shale Play," Ph.D. dissertation, Northeastern University, Boston, MA.
Wareesri, Prapassorn · Ieamvijarn, Subunn
14 files · 1.7 MB · csvdeclared
Dataset and replication code for the paper "The Regime-Dependent Value of Macroeconomic Information in Gold Futures Volatility Forecasting: A HAR-Machine Learning Comparison on COMEX" submitted to Investment Management and Financial Innovations. Data sourced from Yahoo Finance covering January 2014 to December 2025.
Haghbin, Kourosh
7 files · 121 KB · csv, xlsxdeclared
Supplementary code and data for the Master's thesis "The Influence of Green Infrastructure on the Urban Acoustic Environment: A Seasonal Noise Analysis in Bochum" (TU Dortmund University, 2026). The repository contains Python scripts implementing the full statistical analysis pipeline: site-level data assembly, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, and Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) of BirdNET-derived normalised Shannon bird diversity (BN_H) against acoustic and structural green infrastructure predictors across 118 spring morning monitoring sites in Bochum, Germany. The primary script ( run_ols_mgwr_dawn.py ) implements the four-predictor model (dB, NDSI, AEI, and GI Tier; OLS R² = 0.319, MGWR R² = 0.796), selected as the primary model based on AICc (ΔAICc = -105.70 over the five-predictor alternative). A comparison script ( run_ols_mgwr_area.py ) implements the five-predictor model including log-transformed GI polygon area (OLS R² = 0.333, MGWR R² = 0.895). All analyses are implemented from scratch in Python 3 using NumPy and Pandas, without proprietary GIS or statistical libraries. The site-level analytical dataset (Dawn_4to9_Analysis_Data.xlsx, n = 118 sites, 04:00-09:00 dawn chorus window) is included to enable full reproduction of reported results.
COSTEA, MARIA
1 files · 81 KB · jpegdeclared
COSTEA, Maria (2003, article), "Momente de convergență în relațiile româno-bulgare," Anuarul Arhivelor Mureșene , nr. 2, 2003, p. 258-263, ISSN 1583-1337 .
Hagen, Karl · Zieher, Thomas · Stary, Ulrike · et al.
21 files · 6.6 MB · csv, pdfdeclared
Groundwater and landslide displacement records of the Eggerberg slope (Gradenbach landslide, Carinthia, Austria) Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW) Institute for Natural Hazards, Unit of Torrent Process & Hydrology K. Hagen, T. Zieher, U. Stary‚ E. Lang, S. Riedl, G. Priesch, J. Pichler, J. Rojacher First published June 2026 Contact: wasser.naturgefahren@bfw.gv.at Overview This dataset documents long-term hydrogeological and displacement monitoring at the deep-seated rock slide Eggerberg, situated in the Gradenbach catchment (Carinthia, Austria). The active mass movement covers approximately 2 km² and reaches depths exceeding 130 m. Owing to its interaction with the Gradenbach torrent system, the instability represents a significant natural hazard for nearby settlements in the Möll Valley. The dataset includes groundwater level and temperature measurements, as well as landslide displacement records collected by the Austrian Research Centre for Forests (BFW). It represents one of the longest continuous hydrogeological and geotechnical monitoring programs of a deep-seated gravitational slope deformation in the European Alps. It extends the existing dataset published in Hormes et al. (2026) by data of several boreholes, not used in the publication. Available groundwater temperature records were compiled and added in the borehole records. Furthermore, the displacement record of the extensometer was reset to zero after the data gap from 1995 to 1999. Dataset Description Groundwater monitoring Groundwater levels were monitored in 15 boreholes including several paired installations designed to observe groundwater conditions in different depth horizons and aquifer systems. Monitoring of the goundwater levels started in 1979, using manual cable light-plummet measurements with an accuracy of approximately 1 cm, and ended in 2024. In the beginning, measurements were generally performed every two weeks, since 1998 usually weekly. Groundwater temperature was measured between 1998 and 2015 with a sensor accuracy of 0.1°C. Continuous digital monitoring of groundwater level and temperature is additionally available for selected boreholes from July 2007 to December 2024 using OTT Orpheus Mini pressure probes. The observation series reveal the presence of approximately four hydrogeologically distinct aquifers within the moving rock mass. Landslide displacement monitoring Landslide displacement was monitored using a wire extensometer installed across the Gradenbach ravine. The instrument measured changes in the distance between the moving landslide mass and the comparatively stable opposite valley flank. The observation record extends from May 1979 to April 2024 and includes the same principal data gap between 1996 and 1998. Initially, measurements were recorded using analogue strip-chart systems and later digitized. In 2006, the monitoring station was upgraded with a continuous digital acquisition system (Thalimedes). To reduce short-term thermal effects caused by steel-wire expansion and contraction, the published dataset contains daily aggregated displacement values. All records (groundwater level and temperature, landslide displacement) were generally quality-controlled and checked for outliers and plausibility before publication. However, no warranty is given regarding their accuracy, completeness, or fitness for any particular purpose. Data Structure Groundwater Files Each borehole is provided as an individual CSV file (GRD-GWL-[borehole number]): • Column 1: Date (YYYY-MM-DD) • Column 2: Groundwater temperature (°C) • Column 3: Groundwater level below ground surface (m) Missing or unreliable values are coded as 9999. Groundwater levels are reported as negative values relative to the ground surface. Extensometer File The landslide displacement dataset is provided as a single CSV file (GRD_EXT.csv): • Column 1: Date (YYYY-MM-DD) • Column 2: Landslide displacement (cm), expressed as reduction of the distance between canyon slopes • Column 3: Measurement and data-quality code The PDF document 'GRD_Zenodo-V1-20260701.pdf' provides site information, methods, data gaps, and corrected observations. The ancillary document 'monitoring_data_gradenbach.html' provides minimal code snippets for working with the data in R. It further includes interactive plots of the data for visual inspection. Scientific R elevance The Gradenbach-Eggerberg dataset provides a unique long-term record enables the investigations of groundwater-controlled slope acceleration processes, and temporal trends in aquifer behavior. The dataset therefore constitutes an important resource for landslide process research, hazard assessment, hydrogeological investigations, and model validation.
Robert Koch-Institut
9 files · 54 MB · csv, pdf, zipdeclared
Der Datensatz "Intensivkapazitäten und COVID-19-Intensivbettenbelegung in Deutschland" des Robert Koch-Instituts dokumentiert die tägliche intensivmedizinische Versorgungslage seit der COVID-19-Pandemie. Basierend auf Meldungen aller intensivbettenführenden Krankenhäuser in Deutschland erfasst das DIVI-Intensivregister Echtzeitdaten zu belegten und freien Intensivbetten. Die Erhebung differenziert nach Altersgruppen, Regionen und Versorgungsstufen. COVID-19-Fälle auf Intensivstationen werden gesondert ausgewiesen. Die Daten stehen aggregiert auf Bundes-, Landes- und Kreisebene zur Verfügung. Damit bildet der Datensatz eine Grundlage für die Überwachung von Kapazitäten, die Koordination von Behandlungskapazitäten und politische Entscheidungsprozesse während der Pandemie und darüber hinaus.
Pifferi, Gabriele · Thulinsson, Felix · Söderlund, Niclas · et al.
9 files · 165 KB · csvdeclared
# Camera Monitor System (CMS) Dataset and Analysis Scripts Version 4 Dataset and analysis scripts associated with the manuscript: "Effects of Camera Height, Field of View, and Driver Age on Depth Judgement and Lane-Change Decisions in Camera Monitor Systems" ## Changelog ### Version 4 - Added the R analysis scripts for the analyses reported in the associated manuscript (`CMS_continuous_age_analysis.R`, `Within_subject_figures.R`, `confidence_analysis.R`, `unsigned_error_analysis.R`); see the Analysis scripts section below. - Data files unchanged from Version 3. ### Version 3 - Corrected a file export error that caused row truncation in `distance_estimation_cleaned.csv` and `lane_change_dataset.csv` (earlier versions). Most data columns were missing from each row in those files due to a comma/semicolon delimiter collision during export. Files have been rebuilt from the original source data. - Corrected a mixed decimal notation issue (comma vs dot) in the `Confidence` column of `distance_estimation_cleaned.csv`, which caused the column to be read as a string rather than a numeric type in standard CSV parsers. - Updated `variable_dictionary.csv` to accurately reflect the column names used in all three data files (earlier versions listed intended names that did not match the actual file contents). - Added two participants (P48, P49) to `participant_metadata.csv` whose records were missing from the earlier export due to a data extraction error. Their experimental task data were present in `lane_change_dataset.csv` but lacked corresponding metadata rows. - Clarified that the N=56 figure in the preprocessing section applies specifically to the distance estimation task (task-specific outlier exclusion). The lane-change task and participant metadata retain the full N=58. ### Version 2 Same datafiles as in Version was uploaded by mistake ### Version 1 Initial release. --- ## Licence This dataset and the accompanying analysis scripts are shared under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ --- ## Included files ### Data #### participant_metadata.csv Participant-level demographic and background information. N=58. #### distance_estimation_cleaned.csv Cleaned participant-level data from the distance estimation task. N=56 after task-specific outlier exclusion (see Data preprocessing below). #### lane_change_dataset.csv Participant-level data from the lane-change task. N=58. #### variable_dictionary.csv Definitions and descriptions of all variables included across the three data files. ### Analysis scripts (R) #### CMS_continuous_age_analysis.R #### Within_subject_figures.R #### confidence_analysis.R #### unsigned_error_analysis.R See the Analysis scripts section below for descriptions, requirements, and run order. --- ## Experimental overview A controlled laboratory experiment combining two aligned data collections was conducted using dynamic rearward driving scenarios in a Camera Monitor System (CMS) environment. Participants completed: - a distance estimation task - a lane-change task (last safe gap, LSG) Experimental factors: - Field of View (FOV): 40°, 76°, 112° - Camera height: High / Low - Driver age: continuous variable (range 22-64 years, mean 38.2 years). The variable `AgeGroupMedianSplit` is retained in the data files for continuity with prior analyses (Pifferi, 2025), but is not used in the primary analysis reported in the associated manuscript. --- ## Data preprocessing Preliminary analyses examined the distribution of the dependent variables for the distance estimation (Dist) and lane-change (LSG) tasks. The LSG data did not show substantial skewness or kurtosis, whereas the Dist data contained several extreme values reflecting substantial underestimation relative to the actual target distances. Outliers in the distance estimation data were identified using a threshold of ±2.5 standard deviations from the mean of the dependent variables (absolute and relative distance estimation errors). Exclusion limits: - Absolute distance error: -84 m to 79 m - Relative distance error: -2.76 to 2.55 Two participants were excluded from the distance estimation task because more than half of their trials fell outside the ±2.5 SD range (participants P48 and P49). These participants are retained in `lane_change_dataset.csv` and `participant_metadata.csv`, as the exclusion criterion was specific to the distance estimation task. Two additional participants contained isolated outlying trials (one and two trials, respectively); these isolated outlying trials were replaced using mean-value imputation within the corresponding dependent variable. Following preprocessing, the distance estimation dataset contains 56 participants and the lane-change dataset contains 58 participants. --- ## Analysis scripts R scripts for the analyses reported in the associated manuscript. All scripts expect the dataset CSV files in the same folder as the scripts, or edit `data_dir` at the top of each script. Requirements: R >= 4.0. Each script checks for and installs its required packages (lme4, lmerTest, emmeans, tidyverse, performance, ggplot2, ggsignif, dplyr, rmcorr) from CRAN if missing. Run order: 1. **CMS_continuous_age_analysis.R** - Primary analyses. Linear mixed-effects models with driver age as a continuous predictor for signed distance estimation error (DistErr), relative error (RelErr), and time-to-contact (TTC), including simple-slope (estimated marginal trend) analyses, the quadratic age check, the gap-split sensitivity analysis, and model-based predictions with confidence intervals. Writes three CSV files of model predictions to the working directory. 2. **Within_subject_figures.R** - Publication figures for the within-subject effects. Must be run in the same R session after script 1, as it uses the emmeans objects created there. Figure export lines (`ggsave`) are provided but commented out. 3. **confidence_analysis.R** - Confidence rating analyses: condition effects via linear mixed-effects models, repeated-measures correlations (rmcorr) between trial-level confidence and objective performance, and participant-level Spearman correlations. Self-contained; can be run independently. 4. **unsigned_error_analysis.R** - Unsigned (absolute) error analyses for the distance estimation task, using the same model structure as the primary analyses, with partial eta squared computed from the F-based approximation used in the manuscript. Self-contained; can be run independently. --- ## Ethics and anonymisation The shared datasets do not contain directly identifying personal information. Participant IDs are anonymised. Raw interview recordings, interview transcripts, and any potentially identifying qualitative material are not included in the shared repository for ethical and privacy reasons. --- ## Suggested citation Pifferi, G., Thulinsson, F., Söderlund, N., Brunnström, K., Rafiei, S., Schenkman, B., Djupsjöbacka, A., Sperandio, I., & Andrén, B. (2026). Dataset for: *Effects of Camera Height, Field of View, and Driver Age on Depth Judgement and Lane-Change Decisions in Camera Monitor Systems* [Data set]. Zenodo. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20055125
van Gestel, Cornelis
25 files · 746 KB · csv, pdfdeclared
Data from binary mixture toxicity tests with springtails exposed to Cd-Pb, Cd-Cu and Cd-Zn mixtures, including: Data used to construct Langmuir sorption isotherms relating total metal concentrations to CaCl2 or H2O extractable concentrations in soil, for each of the three mixtures PDF files showing the Results of the Langmuir sorption isotherm calculations Data on the survival of springtails in exposures to each of the three mixtures Data on the growth of the springtails in exposures to each of the three mixtures Results of the mixture toxicity analysis for growth effects for each of the three mixtures Data on the reproduction of the springtails in exposures to each of the three mixtures Results of the mixture toxicity analysis for reproduction effects for each of the three mixtures Results of the analysis of chloride concentrations in H2O extracts of the soil of the three mixture exposures Data on the pH of the test soil dosed with the metals, for each of the three mixtures
Allaert, Reinoud A. · Stienen, Eric W.M. · Lens, Luc · et al.
6 files · 125 MB · csv, gzipdeclared
HG_JUVENILE - Juvenile herring gulls (Larus argentatus, Laridae) hatched at the southern North Sea coast (Belgium) is a bird tracking dataset published by the Centre for Research on Ecology, Cognition and Behaviour of Birds at Ghent University and the Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO) . It contains animal tracking data for the project/study HG_JUVENILE , using trackers developed by Interrex ( http://www.interrex-tracking.com ). The study has been operational since 2022. In total 204 individuals of European herring gull ( Larus argentatus ) have been tagged. 150 individuals were raised from egg by Ghent University researchers at the Wildlife Rescue Center in Ostend, completed several cognitive and behavioural tests when approximately three weeks old, and were released in the IJzermonding, Nieuwpoort (Belgium). 54 additional individuals were tagged and released in the wild to collect baseline data. The main goal of the study is to link cognitive performance in the lab to behaviour in the wild. Data are automatically synced with Movebank and from there periodically archived on Zenodo (see https://github.com/inbo/bird-tracking ). Files Data in this package are exported from Movebank study 2217728245 . Fields in the data follow the Movebank Attribute Dictionary and are described in datapackage.json . Files are structured as a Frictionless Data Package . You can access all data in R via https://zenodo.org/records/21279427/files/datapackage.json using frictionless . datapackage.json : technical description of the data files. HG_JUVENILE-reference-data.csv : reference data about the animals, tags and deployments. HG_JUVENILE-gps-yyyy.csv.gz : GPS data recorded by the tags, grouped by year. Acknowledgements This dataset was collected using infrastructure provided by the ERC and Ghent University.
van Gestel, Kees
14 files · 192 KB · csvdeclared
Data files on cadmium, copper, lead and zinc concentrations in soil, H2O- and CaCl2-extracts of soil and in springtails exposed to complex mixtures of chloride salts of these metals, before and after leaching the soil to remove the chloride counterion. Also included are data on the effects of the metals, single and in mixtures on the survival, growth and reproduction of the springtails.